Custom Rich-Text Page
Here Modelling Trains and other hobbies are narrated in detailed version. I wish all of you will be interested in anykind of hobby.. I too inspire all who viist here , to take up atleast any , one kind of the hobby to engage your self for enjoying it for a life time.
I wil try my level best to explain the prons and cons of taking up an hobby here..about the modelling Trains it was so nourishing all the time and also trouble shooting, in aspect of cost and time consuming, but I enjoyed the most it all of all hobbies with it in the each time ..
I am interested to expalin on model trains as short to tell , that whole aspects in details.
I am trying to expalin mainly the indoor models and also Out door models in this section by section comparing and discusing in aspects of scale modeling and other educational and informative specifications usually followed by NMRA asnd European standards and even we do have in Asian standards too..I am also trying to introduce the unknow models , scales and gauges, and other aspects, it is much more user friendly with indoor models ,entertainment and enjoyment is much more with out door, but the strains and expence is too much compared to the indoor models....
I will take up topics and subject and area of involvments as stage wise and step wise to enter to the each level of modeling by sections and one by one will cover most of the items for explanation , section by section and each sections and each step by step ..
I wish I won`t make you feel fedup and only will have different topics of interest and diversity for engagements of short time topic as and may be as an attraction in whole modeling areas to keep on reading as a wise patient , listener , may differ like person to person by selection, of topics ..induvidually this may be a guide line of all modeling hobby around the Globe !!!!
****************************************
Is for Kids, Adults and for all age of people who are fascinated by Trains and who are in search of Model Trains for kids and adults for there Hobby or for Gifting Purpose in all scales like N scale, Ho Scale, OO Scale and G scale Etc. Available In delhi, punjab, Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Tamilnaddu and through out india by us. We supply model train sets through out india. These are the exact scale down models of the USA & EUROPEAN trains. These trains comes in different scales Like N(1:160),HO(1:87US scale Fully compatible with OO scale),OO(1:76 European scale fully compatible with Ho scale), G scale (1:25) also known as garden scale because the size is too big. The most popular & cheapest scale is HO & OO. Accessories of these scales are every time available with us. We do buy used train sets also.
Choosing a Model Railroad Scale
Before engaging in model trains as a serious hobby, enthusiasts should select which scale they want to use to build their railroad.
In the hobby of model railroading, there are two important terms to understand before you start selecting and purchasing trains and accessories. The "gauge" is the amount of distance between the rails of a track. The "scale" is the relationship between the size of the model train and the size of an actual train. Beginning model railroad enthusiasts sometimes interchange the two terms, although they do not mean the same thing.
The most popular model railroad scales are O, N, HO, and Z. The O scale is the largest of the model railroad scales, and the N is the smallest. There are several things that can influence which scale you choose to work with. The main consideration is how much space you have available for your layout. If you are going to be building your train layout in your home, you should find a spot that is out of the way but easy to get to on all sides. The width and length of the space you have available will have a lot to do with how you design your layout. Some hobbyists build layouts in spaces only about a foot wide, but it is impossible to include 180 degree curves into a trace space that narrow, so it is impossible to turn the trains around. In such a layout, it is possible to build switching stations similar to freight yards and industrial areas of real railroad lines. These designs incorporate trains that run back and forth along parallel tracks, picking up and dropping off freight cars when they switch onto track spurs.
Another consideration for which scale model railroad to select is, believe it or not, your age. Age is something to consider because sharp eyesight is required for smaller scale models, especially if you are going to be doing a lot of painting, detailing, and applying lettering or decals. Sometimes even people with good eyesight need to use a magnifying glass to read the smallest lettering on small-scale model cars. But if you try to read the larger print on a small-scale train and find that your eyes have a hard time making out the letters, then you may want to avoid working with any scale that is smaller than HO scale.
No matter how wealthy you are, the bottom line about choosing a scale may be the cost. Usually the most cost-effective model railroad scales are HO and N. The O scale, which has larger trains and larger equipment, as well as the tiny scale Z, are usually more expensive. Before you buy anything or make any decisions, spend some time at your local hobby store looking over their offerings and talking with the store personnel to get a feel for how expensive the whole layout might be. You’ll be able to get a feel for the amount of money it will take to get started, and how much it might cost to develop the layout you have in mind. Remember, though, that the train cars themselves are just going to be the beginning of your costs. You may end up spending even more money on track, hardware, lumber, modeling materials for landscaping and scenery, model buildings, and other accessories for your layout.
If you live in an area that is populous enough, you may be able to find a local model railroad club. A club such as this will give you access to any layouts owned and managed by the club, and you can make friends with other enthusiasts to swap suggestions, share stories, and pass along ideas and strategies. Model railroading can be a fascinating and enjoyable hobby, but as with most hobbies, it is even more enjoyable when shared with like-minded enthusiasts.
Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/choosing-a-model-railroad-scale.html
=====================================================================================
Model Railroad Planning Introduction and Advice
What are the five essential elements in any model railroad plan?
These factors will guide all of your other decisions.
Planning a model railroad can be a hobby unto itself. Many people never get beyond the design stage, afraid of not getting it right. Here lies the first secret to layout design; planning doesn't stop when construction begins. Don't be afraid to let your plans evolve as your layout progresses. But if you're still looking for ways to "get it right" from the beginning, here are some of the things to consider when designing your model railroad.
Planning for any model railroad involves five steps:
Essentials: Defining the constraints and basic goals that will shape all other decisions.
Givens and Druthers: Within your basic constraints, what are your priorities?
Standards: You've established some standards in step one, now its time to get specific about how the layout will be built.
Best Practices: Keep these tried-and-true conventions in mind when working on your design.
Drafting the Plan: With all of your goals and standards defined, its time to put it on paper.
Introduction to Model Railroad Planning
Theme
What are you modeling? This includes the prototype, locale, and era. It also includes the operations you'll be replicating. You have a lot of freedom of choice here, but that doesn't make this decision any less essential. There is, after all, no reason to build a model railroad if it's not the railroad you want.
A model railroad doesn't have to follow a specific prototype. Many modelers freelance, picking and choosing what they like best. Some even create their own railroad names, rosters, paint schemes, etc. It's your railroad, model what you like!
Area
How much space do you have? This is one factor that is more or less "fixed" from the start. But don't let the fact that you only have a small bookshelf convince you that you can't have a model railroad. With a little creativity, you can make the most of just about any space. Multi-level designs, modular layouts and other creative alternatives allow you to squeeze a lot into any odd sized or shaped space.
Standards
Every model railroad has a list of constraints: minimum radius, maximum grade, etc. There is no simple answer to what is an acceptable standard however. The theme of your layout will have a lot to say about what sort of standards need to be applied.
Take minimum radius for example. An 18 inch radius curve is the standard train set curve in HO. Most trains will run on it but longer cars may derail, so its probably not best for a modern heavy mainline. It will work fine however for an HO scale industrial or narrow-gauge theme. In N scale, 18 inches is a very comfortable curve for just about everything. For larger scales, 18 inches is going to limit you to very toy-like trains or a nice O scale trolley layout, or a larger scale switching layout without deep curves.
Time and Budget
Like space, we all live within certain time and budget constraints. Be realistic about what you can afford to build and maintain. Many modelers have homes filled with unassembled kits without a layout to call home.
Starting small, planning for expansion, or building in modules or sections can get you running sooner and get you past those beginner's fears.
Scale and Gauge
While some modelers do build railroads in multiple scales, or build multiple layouts in different scales, for most of us one is enough.m The size of the trains you choose will go a long way toward determining many of the subsequent standards you'll want to follow in your plan.Combining gauges on a single layout is another matter all together. Standard and narrow gauge trains all share a common scale, so your scenery won't have to compromise. Modeling an interchange between different gauge lines can add a lot of operation and visual interest. Since narrow gauge trains can normally negotiate tighter curves than their standard gauge cousins, they may be a way to get into a larger scale without needing a larger space.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_modelling_scale_standards
Track gauge Names Prototype Notes
16.5 mm (0.650 in) HO (NMRA) and H0 (NEM)
Standard gauge 16.5 mm (0.650 in) track is also used for British OO gauge
12 mm (0.472 in)
HOn3½ (NMRA) and H0m (NEM) Metre gauge and 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm)
(Cape gauge) Metre gauge is used in west and east Africa, parts of other countries and many tram lines.
Cape gauge is used in southern Africa, Queensland (Aus), New Zealand and also non-Shinkansen JR lines in Japan.
H0m and HOn3½ use commercially available TT scale track.
10.5 mm (0.413 in) HOn3 (NMRA) 3 ft (914 mm) gauge 3 ft (914 mm) gauge once common to American mining railroads and shortlines, particularly in the Western States
9 mm (0.354 in) HOn30 (NMRA) and H0e (NEM) 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge Typically used for lines in 2 ft (610 mm)-2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge. Uses commercially available N scale track.
6.5 mm (0.256 in) HOz (NMRA) and H0i (NEM) 15 in (381 mm) gauge Uses commercially available Z scale track.
www.TroutCreekEng.com
Tracks may be good...
NEM
MOROP (The European federation of national model railway associations) i
Scale Ratio Standard gauge m e i Notes
Z 1:220 6.5 mm (0.256 in) 4.5 mm - - Based on Märklin factory standards.
N 1:160 9 mm (0.354 in) 6.5 mm 4.5 mm - Based on Arnold factory standards.
TT 1:120 12 mm (0.472 in) 9 mm 6.5 mm 4.5 mm -
H0 1:87 16.5 mm (0.650 in) 12 mm 9 mm 6.5 mm "Half Zero"
S 1:64 22.5 mm (0.886 in) 16.5 mm 12 mm 9 mm -
0 1:45 32 mm (1.260 in) 22.5 mm 16.5 mm 12 mm
1 1:32 45 mm (1.772 in) 32 mm 22.5 mm 16.5 mm -
II 1:22.5 63.5 mm (2 1⁄2 in) 45 mm 32 mm 22.5 mm
III 1:16 89 mm (3 1⁄2 in) 63.5 mm 45 mm 32 mm -
V 1:11 127 mm (5 in) 89 mm 63.5 mm 45 mm -
VII 1:8 184 mm (7 1⁄4 in) 127 mm 89 mm 63.5 mm -
X 1:5.5 260 mm (10 1⁄4 in) 184 mm 127 mm 89 mm -
==================================================================================
NMRA Popular Railway Scales
Scale Ratio Gauge Notes
Z 1:220 0.257 in (6.53 mm)
0.256 in (6.5 mm) NMRA does not give any other dimensions for Z-scale apart from the gauge
Nn2 1:160 0.177 in (4.5 mm)
4.5 mm (0.177 in) narrow gauge
Nn3 1:160 0.256 in (6.5 mm)
6.5 mm (0.256 in) narrow gauge
N 1:160 0.353 in (8.97 mm) -
TT 1:120 0.470 in (11.94 mm)
0.473 in (12.0 mm)
0.472 in (12 mm)
12 mm (0.472 in) -
HOn2 or 3.5 mm 1:87.1 0.276 in (7 mm) narrow gauge
HO or 3.5 mm 1:87.1 0.650 in (16.5 mm) -
OO or 4 mm 1:76.2 0.750 in (19.05 mm) -
Sn3 or 3/16" 1:64 0.563 in (14.3 mm) narrow gauge
S or 3/16" 1:64 0.883 in (22.42 mm) -
On2 or 1/4" 1:48 0.5 in (12.7 mm) narrow gauge
On30 or 1/4" 1:48 HO-track narrow gauge
On3 or 1/4" 1:48 0.750 in (19.05 mm)
19.4 mm (0.764 in) (?) narrow gauge
O or 1/4" 1:48 1.25 in (31.75 mm) -
#1n3 or 3/8" 1:32 1.125 in (28.6 mm) narrow gauge
# I or 3/8" 1:32 1.766 in (44.85 mm) -
Fn3 or 15 mm 1:20.32 #1-track narrow gauge
F or 15 mm 1:20.32 2.781 in (70.64 mm) Identical to Proto 20.32 except the wheel flange depth
3/4" 1:16 3 1⁄2 in (89 mm) -
1" 1:12 4 3⁄4 in (121 mm) -
=========================================================================
Japanese
While there are Japanese model railway manufacturers that export their products to other parts of the world and follow the scale standards of the export destinations, in Japan there are several domestic scales that are popular in the country but virtually unknown elsewhere. International NEM and NMRA scales are also used by some Japanese modellers. The main reason for the domestic scales different from international standards is the smaller prototype loading gauge and unusual gauges of Japanese railways: 600 mm (1 ft 11 5⁄8 in), 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) and 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) (International standard gauge of 1,435 mm/4 ft 8 1⁄2 in is also used).
Scale Ratio Gauge Notes
T 1:450
1:480 3 mm (0.118 in) Launched at 2006 Tokyo Toy Show by Eishindo Co.
ZZ 1:300 4.8 mm (0.189 in) Introduced 2005 by Bandai
ZJ 1:220 6.5 mm (0.256 in)
N 1:150 9 mm (0.354 in) The most popular scale in Japan. For the models of
Shinkansen high speed trains with a larger
loading scale, the international N scale standard ratio
of 1:160 is commonly used.
TT9 1:120 9 mm (0.354 in) Used also in New Zealand.
H0n2½ 1:80 9 mm (0.354 in) Used for 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge.
H0j 1:87 12 mm (0.472 in) Correct for 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Japanese narrow gauge.
#13 1:80 13 mm (0.512 in) Correct for 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Japanese narrow gauge.
H0 or #16 1:80 16.5 mm (0.650 in) Used for ready-to-run models.
Sn3 1:64 16.5 mm (0.650 in) Used for ready-to-run models.
- 1:50 20.5 mm (0.807 in) Static models mostly.
0j 1:45 24 mm (0.945 in) Correct for 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Japanese narrow gauge.
35mm 1:30 35 mm (1.378 in) Used for 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) Japanese narrow gauge.
45mm 1:30 45 mm (1.772 in)
=============================================================
TRACK WHEEL AND ALL ITS SPECTS
Wheels are just wheels, right? Actually there are many different types of wheels on real and model trains. Putting the right ones beneath your rolling stock can make a big difference in the way your trains run.
Size Matters
Wheels come in many different sizes. For freight and passenger cars, 28 inch, 33 inch and 36 inch diameter wheel sizes are most common. 28 inch wheels are sometimes found on older equipment but are most frequently seen in modern times on multi-level autoracks where reducing the car height as much as possible is the goal. 33 inch wheels have been the most common size for most of the 20th Century. 36 inch wheels are seen on modern cars, espescially hoppers, covered hoppers, tank cars and gondolas. Locomotive wheels can come in even more sizes.
Choosing the right size is important since changing the size of the wheel will change the height of the car. If couplers are mounted on the car body, their height will also be altered.
In addition to size, there are numerous other construction detail differences in prototype wheels. Most of these are hard to distinguish in model form. One of the most commonly modeled variations is a pattern of ribs on the back of the wheel. These were frequently found on wheels through the first half of the 20th Century. The ribs acted like a fan to help cool brakes and journals. With the adoption of roller bearings in the latter half of the century, ribbed-back wheels became increasingly less common.
Why Replace Wheels?
"My train rolls fine, why do I have to replace the wheels?"
Maybe you don't. Many of today's models already come with very free-rolling metal wheelsets. Older models however, espescially those with plastic wheels, may benefit from a new set of wheels.
Test Your Metal
Plastic wheels not only have a greater friction on the rail, they also collect dirt much more easily than metal. Dirt build up on wheels spreads back to the rails and can cause electrical pick-up problems. Excessive dirt on the wheels themselves can even cause a derailment.
Metal wheels roll more freely and are much easier to keep clean. Heavier wheels tend to handle imperfections in the track better as well. An added benefit, you'll get a little more of that "clickety-clack" sound as the train crosses rail joints. Because they roll more freely, your locomotives will be able to pull longer trains.
In addition to the wheels themselves, the journals also have a major impact in how well a truck will roll. The journal is where the end of the axle rides in the sideframe of the truck. Model journals are much more basic than the prototype. Most model trucks are plastic today, some are metal. Plastic on plastic, metal on plastic, or metal on metal, the best axle is the one that fits its sideframe properly. Choose and axle that is loose enough to spin freely, but not so loose that it will wobble in the pocket.
Oil 'em Up
Even with a good fit in the journal, a little light oil will help keep your wheels turning. As on the prototype, the journal is a site of great friction. Left unchecked, a model "hot box" can actually wear out the sideframes or the ends of the axles. This is most common when metal axles are used with metal sideframes. Put a small drop of light oil in the sideframes when you insert the wheels.
Changing the Wheels
Actually changing out wheels on most rollingstock is a very easy process. For plastic trucks, simply spread the sideframes outward gently until you can pop out the wheels and axle. It may be easier to do this with the truck removed from the car. Some metal trucks may require additional disassembly. Sprung trucks (with actual springs between the sidefames and bolster) require special car to prevent springs from coming loose.
Many manufacturers make replacement wheelsets for locomotives as well. Usually, locomotive wheels are press-fit onto the axle and can be removed / installed with moderate pressure. Choose a replacement wheel that is made for that type of model.
Gauge
One of the most important elements of any wheelset is its gauge. Wheels spaced too close or too far apart will not pass through switches, crossings or even normal track. Gauge can be checked by using a standards gauge like those made by the National Model Railroad Association. An NMRA gauge can check many other critical clearances too.
If your wheels are out of gauge, remove the axle from the truck. Holding a wheel in each hand, gently twist and pull / squeeze the wheels to move them in or out as necessary. This can normally be accomplished with moderate pressure. Recheck the gauge and when the adjustments are final, reinstall the wheelset.
Choosing the Right Wheels
Perhaps the hardest part of replacing wheels is choosing the right ones. There are many different manufactures making replacement wheels in every scale. Most replacement wheel manufacturers offer guides to choosing the right set for you. You don't have to use the same manufacturer's wheels on every car, but consistency can make operations more standard and sometimes buying in bulk can save money.
===========================================================================================
========================================================================================
Introduction to Model Railroad Planning
Model Railroad Planning Priorities
Now that you've laid out the essentials, what do you really want? Take that basic theme you've already created and build upon it.
Making a List
Start with a list of all the things you want on your layout. Separate columns for "Must Have / Would Like / I'll Take It if I Can Get It" help keep things in perspective.
Your list should include things like scenic features, operating schemes, control systems, benchwork designs, and any other special desires. "Must be child friendly," "Lots of bridges," "Plenty of switching," are all worthy goals.
Maybe you already have a favorite prototype. If so, take a look at your list and see what part of that railroad best suits your needs. A popular line like the Santa Fe for example could be used for a prototype for anything from a busy mountain mainline, to a seaside port switcher, to a flatlands racetrack.
Maybe you don't know exactly what railroad you want to model, but you know what you want your layout to look like, or how you want it to operate. Your list can help point you in the right direction.
Its also a good idea to include smaller goals in these early plans as well. "All curves should be super-elevated," might not have a major impact on your final trackplan. But keeping this goal in mind from the beginning will help ensure it gets done in the end.
Checking it Twice
It's good to get everything on the list to start. But once your list is complete, be prepared to start cutting it back. You probably won't have room for everything. Let the negotiations begin!
This may take some time. With so many options available, there may be multiple ways to get what you want. You may not be able to change the essential elements of your layout plan, but you can be very creative in how you work within your constraints. You will probably revisit your priority list frequently as you proceed with the design.
Applying Your Standards
Now that you know what you want and how much space, money and time you have to build it, it's time to start making some hard choices and compromise and pull it all together.
Some compromises are harder to make than others. If you really want a long mainline but don't have a lot of space, you'll need to consider a smaller scale or perhaps a multiple level layout. Model trains can climb relatively steep grades and negotiate tight curves and switches, but they have their limits. Clearances in yards, tunnels, bridges, etc. can only be so close. These minimums will be determined by the model trains you've chosen.
Other standards are more a matter of preference than necessity. Even the largest HO scale trains will negotiate a 24 inch radius curve. These trains would look much better on a larger radius however. You may decide that you want to maintain at least a 30 inch or 48 inch minimum radius. If you do, it will greatly impact the track design you create.
Ultimately these higher standards give you more opportunity to compromise. Perhaps you can live with a 46 inch curve in just this one corner, or hide a tighter curve in a tunnel. Just make sure you can be happy with whatever compromises you choose and don't sacrifice quality for quantity.
Model Railroad Design Best Practices
No matter what scale you choose, what railroad you model, or how large your railroad may be, there are certain design tips that will never steer you wrong.
Access
If you can’t reach it, you can’t maintain it. It is always a good idea to keep track within arm’s reach. This can have an impact on the size and shape or your layout. Access also includes tunnels and other long stretches of hidden track, and other important things like switch machines, electrical components and operating accessories.
If you do have the option of filling an entire room with trains, remember to leave enough room for you and your guests to move around as well! Isle width is as important as platform width. Around-the-walls designs, or moveable / removable benchwork sections can make layout access much easier and provide more interesting operating designs.
Keep it Simple
The "spaghetti bowl" effect, or simply packing as much track onto a platform as possible often proves the old adage, "Less is more." Real trains rarely pass through the same scene repeatedly. A looping layout plan may add a longer run, but it detracts from the appearance that the train is actually going somewhere.
A balance between tracks and scenery can be hard to achieve, especially in yards where more track would seem to lead to more fun. It’s not the amount of track but how it’s used that matters. Especially on a small layout, a little empty space actually makes the railroad seem larger.
Height
There is no single best height to build your train layout, but it is still an important consideration in any design. Higher platforms offer more natural viewing angles for adults and easier access underneath for construction and maintenance. Lower platforms allow a longer reach for wider layouts and are more comfortable for children. Then there are multi-level layouts which combine the best (and worst) features of both.
Take a look at your list of needs and consider the layout height carefully before you begin construction. Ultimately, choose a height that is comfortable for you.
Expansion
You don’t have to build it all at once. If you are considering a future expansion, plan ahead and make tomorrow’s project easier. Extending a track or two to the end of the current platform for example will allow you to add on without cutting into existing tracks.
Consider future needs when purchasing a power supply or control system as well. A starter power pack or basic DCC system may be fine for your current needs, but if you know you’ll need more power later it may make sense to spend a few extra dollars up front. Not only will you be out the cost of the basic system later, you may also find yourself replacing a lot of wiring under the platform.
Drafting a Model Railroad Plan
Drafting a plan can be a lot of fun. There is challenge in replicating a subject within constraints coupled with the artistic expression of creating a unique design. Indeed, many enjoy design so much they never build an actual layout. There are two ways to draft your plans for a model railroad; computer-aided design and good ol’ pencil and paper. Both have their advantages, and both can yield excellent results.
Computer Design
Many different design programs are available for model railroaders. These range from simple "click and drag" programs that use a library of standard tracks to sophisticated CAD software. Some create three-dimensional views or run virtual trains over the layout. While more elaborate programs offer greater flexibility for complex designs, they also present a steep learning curve.
Which, if any, program is right for you depends on the complexity of your plan and your comfort with computer software. If you really enjoy computer design, or if you are simply willing to put in the time to learn, a high-end program may be a worthwhile investment.
The ability to take a flat design and show it in three dimensions is an asset on layouts with grades and multiple track levels. The ability to design in layers allows you to see potential construction problems before they happen. Some programs are so sophisticated, modelers simply choose to build and operate entirely in the "virtual" world.
Layout Design BC (Before Computers)
There is nothing wrong with drawing a plan with your own hands. Just like a computer program, with practice you can get very proficient at drawing track plans that not only look good but work well.
>Start with a rough sketch. Some amazing layouts got their start on the back of a cocktail napkin or a school notebook.
Next add some actual measurements to the plan. A ruler and compass are really all you need. Graph paper can be helpful in maintaining scale. Track planning templates with standard sizes track pieces are also useful and available in every major scale.
Your plan can be as simple as an outline of the platform and track, or done in layers to include benchwork design and scenic features.
Once you’ve got the tracks down, consider adding a little color by drawing in scenic features with colored pencils or markers.
And of course if you change your mind, an eraser or a blank sheet of paper is never far away. You’ll be surprised how quickly your eye can spot the curve that’s too tight or the yard tracks that are a little too close together even without measuring.
A Model Model Railroad
If you’re still not satisfied, the ultimate plan is a 3-D model. These mock ups don’t need to be complex. Some balsa or bass wood, paper and perhaps a little modeling clay are all that is necessary.
Mockups are especially useful for multi-level designs. These models allow you to see how the levels will interact. Scale figures can also be used to help determine isle widths and viewing angles.
=============================================
==============================================
http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/7-28-2004-57196.asp
Choosing a Model Railroad Scale
Controls
Modern HO trains run on two-rail track, which is powered by direct current (varying the voltage applied to the rails to change the speed, and polarity to change direction), or by Digital Command Control (sending digital commands to a decoder in each locomotive). Some trains, most notably by Märklin of Germany, run on alternating current, supplied by a "third rail" consisting of small bumps on each tie down the centre of the track.
On simple, usually temporary layouts, power is supplied by a power pack consisting of a transformer and rectifier, a rheostat or potentiometer for regulating voltage supplied to the track (and thus train speed), and a switch to control train direction—a double pole, double throw slide or toggle switch wired to reverse the polarity on the rails. On permanent layouts, multiple power supplies are traditionally used, with the trackage divided into electrically isolated sections called blocks; toggle or rotary switches (sometimes relays) are used to select which power supply controls the train in a particular block. With the advent of digital command control, block divisions are largely eliminated, as the computerized controllers can control any train anywhere on the track at any time, with minor limitations.
EXPLAINS ABOUT MODEL TRAINS IN BRIEF AND SHORT TECHINIQUICS
THIS are few model hobby item brands yet to be registered and published hopefully by next few months !!!!!
LIONETRAIN
LEOKING MODELS
SHALIMAR TRAINS
Tanima Model Trains
http://www.alibaba.com/product-free/114703412/LIONETRAIN_LEOKING_MODELS_SHALIMAR_TRAINS.html
ELECTRIC MODEL TRAIN OO GAUGE IMPORTED EUROSTAR WITH EXTRA COACH , ONE LOCO ,ELECTRIC,SIGNAL ECT ALL NEW AD PERFECT IN
ORDER CALL 9757437383
http://cms.shalimartrains.webnode.com/
MODELING HOBBY ITEMS
http://www.jrrhobbies.com/
WELCOME to the world of flying
First online Hobby Shop in Central India
For Further Details Please Feel Free to contact:
Rudhir Pahwa:
Ph: - +91-94245-77300
E-Mail: info@jrrhobbies.com
Showroom:
1st Floor.
C21 Mall, A.B. Road,
Indore
Ph: +91-731-4203323
Bank Account Details:
JRR Hobbies
State Bank of India:
Basant Vihar Colony Branch
A/C No. : 31064674997
Paypal A/c. : info@jrrhobbies.com
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Spielwarenmesse planning 2013 toy and hobby fair in India
The group that puts on the annual Spielwarenmesse International Toy Fair in Nuremberg, Germany, is looking east — at India, to be exact. The organization is planning a fair there in 2013.
Spielwarenmesse eG is putting together the fair, called Kids India. It will take place Oct. 24–26 in the Bombay Convention & Exhibition Centre in Mumbai, India. According to Spielwarenmesse Chief Executive Officer Ernst Kick, it’s a market that’s ripe for such a venture.
"The Indian market is ready for a fair with an international impact," he said. "More than 800 toy manufacturers, exporters and suppliers ensure that the Indian market grows constantly."
Spielwarenmesse eG will be supported in organizing the show by the Indo German Chamber of Commerce (IGCC) in the organization of Kids India. "IGCC has enormous expertise," Kick said. "It regularly organizes international fairs in India and, as our representative for the International Toy Fair in Nuremberg, knows the Indian toy market very well."
The new fair will be a platform for Indian and international exhibitors to present toy, hobby and other products. In addition, Spielwarenmesse eG will organize a World of Toys Pavilion so small and medium businesses can also offer their products at the show.
Although the Indian toy industry’s sales are currently small by world standards — about $850 million annually — the country has a growing middle class. The Spielwarenmesse show release said "[Indian] Consumers are paying increasing attention to quality and spend appreciably more money on toys. A growth figure of some 15 per cent already promises an enormous rise in sales."
Spielwarenmesse eG is also involved in shows in Russia and Asia.
http://www.modelretailer.com/en/The%20Industry/Industry%20News/2012/07/Spielwarenmesse%20planning%202013%20toy%20and%20hobby%20fair%20in%20India.aspx
------------------------==============
http://www.spherehobbies.com/india/
=================================
A list of RC related shops/outlets in India
AHMEDABAD
Funn Hobby
http://www.funnhobby.com
Sphere Hobbies
http://www.spherehobbies.com
Shivco Hobby Centre
Lotus Corporation, 303, Umiya Shopping Ct., Satellite Rd., Ahmedabad-15
Tel: 079–26731693/9824028331
(Mr. Probir Ganguly) shivcohobby@satyam.net.in
BANGALORE
Rotor Zone
http://www.rotorzone.com
Throttle RC
http://www.throttlerc.in
U2RM
#6, 2nd Floor, S.V. Heritage, Hennur Main Road, Lingarajapuram
Email: sales@u2rm.in Tel : 99018 14238
http://www.u2rm.in
Model Art
New #206, Forum Mall, Hosur Main Road, Koramangala.
Tel 080-41120305
RC Dhamaka
http://www.rcdhamaka.com
Indian Model Makers
ISRO Satellite Centre, Airport Road
Email: gupthavijay@yahoo.com Tel: 08025084480, 9845710448
E N R Model Aircrafts
35, Lady Curzon Road.
Tel 080-41120305 Email: enr@vsnl.com
New India Hobby Center (Mr Sampath)
#37, Main Channel Road, Ulsoor, Bangalore - 560008
Tel:080-25911811/41133708/09845296906
PModelAircrafts
http://www.pmodelaircraft.cc.cc
Your Hobby Shop
http://www.yourhobbyshop.com
CHENNAI
RC-For-All
http://www.rcforall.co.in
http://stores.ebay.in/rcforallin
Rotor Hobbies
http://www.rotor.co.in
Emerald - India Hobby Centre
Shop # 31, Rayala Tower, # 781, Near MES subway, Anna Salai
Tel 044-28520783
The Remote Possibilites
http://www.theremotepossibilities.com
DELHI
RC Sky Hobby
221 Patparganj Industrial Area
http://www.rcskyhobby.com
Traxxas India
Konnect Enterprises, Rampur
http://www.traxxas.in
Radical Works
D-20 Connaught Place
http://www.radicalworks.com
Sun Hobby
21 B Shri Ram Lane,Alipur Road, Civil Lines, Delhi
Phone: 9810156637 Email: sunhobby@hotmail.com
Adventure Wheels
02-B Ground Floor, Sewa Corporate Park, Near Iffco chowk, MG Road, Gurgaon-122002
Tel: 0124-4254391 Mob: 09910335472
Model Art
Selectcity Walk Mall, Saket, Delhi
HYDERABAD
Jacks Hobbies
Mr. Vinod
http://www.jackshobbies.in
INDORE
JRR Hobbies
http://www.jrrhobbies.com
Ambika My Own Models & Research Centre
1,Rajabagh A.B.Road,Dewasnaka,Indore
Mr.Pratap Singh Mobile: 09302106345
JAIPUR
Trikut Metmin Pvt. Ltd
Mr. Ramesh Tandon C-13, 22 Godown Industrial Estate, Jaipur 302006
Tel 0141-2210859
JALANDHAR
Fire Birds India
http://www.firebirdsindia.com
JODHPUR
Sharma Aero Models
Jainaraian Building, Ratanada Road, Jodhpur
Tel: 0291-2513519
http://www.sharmamodelaero.com
KERALA
Aero Sports
http://www.aero-sports.in
Hobby Drome
http://www.hobbydrome.com
KOLKATA
India Hobby Centre
1-A, Russell Street, Kolkata
Tel: 033-22261910
http://www.indiashobbycentre.tk
Kadet Models
http://www.kadetmodels.com
Anwar Models
Mr. Shanker
76, New Part Street, Park Circus, Kolkata-700 017
Tel: 033 2281 3883 , 09830168747 Email: anwarmodels@hotmail.com
LUCKNOW
India Hobby Hut
http://www.indiahobbyhut.com
RC Mall
http://www.rcmall.in
MUMBAI
Tritech Hobbies
http://www.tritechgroup.net
303, New Udyog Mandir Premises 2,Moghul Lane, Mahim West
Tel 9820164938, 9987050717, 40041798 Email hpi@tritechgroup.net
Flying RC
http://www.flying--rc.blogspot.com
India ATV
http://www.indiaatv.com
Hobby Planet
Happy Door Bldg., 1st Floor, Room No.4, Gokhale Road, Shivaji Park, Dadar (West)
Tel 9869288511 02224211584
India Hobby Centre
377, Mayur, Shop no.3, Ground floor, VP Road, Mumbai 4
Tel: 022 2382 3125 Email: indiahobbycentre@vsnl.net
Indian Hobbies
http://www.indianhobbies.com
Pay Less Fly More
http://www.paylessflymore.com
Bombay RC Models
http://www.bombayrc.com
NAGPUR
Model Manufacturing
http://www.modelmfg.com
SURAT
Beyond Toyz
http://www.beyondtoyz.in
A/12, Krishna Complex,Opp. Palanpur Jakat Naka,Palanpur Patia,Rander Road,Surat-395009, Gujarat
Mr.Monty Mobile: 09925385856 Email: arcmonty@gmail.com
VADODARA
Sonera’s Hobby Centre for Aeromodeling and Robotics
8, Parbhrampuri complex, Nr. Haridham duplex, Harinagar, Gotri road, Vadodara-21 (Gujarat)
Tel: +91 9898032977
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------